Malayalam cinema began in the 1920s, with the release of the first Malayalam film, "Balan," in 1930. The early years of Malayalam cinema were marked by social dramas and mythological films. The 1950s and 1960s saw the rise of social reform films, which addressed issues like casteism, feudalism, and social inequality. The 1970s and 1980s witnessed the emergence of a new wave of filmmakers, who experimented with innovative storytelling and themes.